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Vietnamese units of measurement
Vietnamese units of measurement ((ベトナム語:hệ đo lường Việt Nam)) are the largely decimal units of measurement traditionally used in Vietnam until metrication. The base unit of length is the ''thước'' (chữ Nôm: 𡱩; lit. "ruler") or ''xích'' (). Some of the traditional unit names have been repurposed for metric units, such as ''thước'' for the metre, while other traditional names remain in translations of imperial units, such as ''dặm Anh'' for the English mile.
==History==
Originally, many ''thước'' of varying lengths were in use in Vietnam, each used for different purposes. According to Hoàng Phê (1988), the traditional system of units had at least two ''thước'' of different lengths before 1890, the ''thước ta'' (lit. "our ruler") or ''thước mộc'' ("wooden ruler"), equal to , and the ''thước đo vải'' ("ruler for measuring cloth"), equal to . According to historian Nguyễn Đình Đầu, the ''trường xích'' and ''điền xích'' were both equal to , while according to Phan Thanh Hải, there were three main ''thước'': the ''thước đo vải'', from ; the ''thước đo đất'' ("ruler for measuring land"), at ; and the ''thước mộc'', from .
With French colonization, Cochinchina converted to the metric system, the French standard, while Annam and Tonkin continued to use a ''thước đo đất'' or ''điền xích'' equal to . On June 2, 1897, Indochinese Governor-General Paul Doumer decreed that all the variations of ''thước'' (such as ''thước ta'', ''thước mộc'', and ''điền xích'') would be unified at one ''thước ta'' to , effective January 1, 1898, in Tonkin. Annam retained the old standard for measuring land, so distance and area (such as ''sào'') in Annam were 4.7/4 and (4.7/4)2 times the equivalent units in Tonkin, respectively.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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